/*******************************************************************************
CSS VARIABLES
*******************************************************************************/

:root {
	--highlight-weak: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.2);
	--highlight-strong: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.4);
	--radius-sm: 0.2rem;
}

/*******************************************************************************
BASE STYLES
*******************************************************************************/

html {
	font-size: 10.5pt;
	height: 100%;
}

/* Sticky footer layout */
body {
	margin: 0 auto;
	min-height: 100%;
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
}

/* Main content fills remaining space */
body > article {
	flex: 1 0 auto;
	padding: 4.5rem 0 1.5rem;
}

/* Footer stays at bottom */
body > footer {
	margin-top: auto;
	flex-shrink: 0;
}

img,
svg {
	max-width: 100%;
	max-height: 80vh;
	height: auto;
	width: auto;
}

/* Give lazy-loaded images a non-zero offscreen placeholder for layout. */
img[loading="lazy"] {
	content-visibility: auto;
	contain-intrinsic-size: auto 400px;
}

/*
   CONTENT ALIGNMENT & CENTERING
   Shared logic for images, SVGs
*/

/* 1. Content centered in the main text column (55% width) */
section > img,
section > svg {
	max-width: 55%;
	position: relative;
	left: 27.5%;
	transform: translateX(-50%);
	display: block;
}

/* 2. Content centered in figures (100% of figure width) */
section > figure:not(.fullwidth) > img,
section > figure:not(.fullwidth) > svg {
	max-width: 100%;
	margin-left: auto;
	margin-right: auto;
	display: block;
}

/* Fullwidth content */
.fullwidth {
	width: 90vw;
	min-width: 90vw;
	margin-left: calc(50% - 50vw);
	margin-right: calc(50% - 50vw);
	clear: both;
}

.fullwidth img,
.fullwidth svg {
	max-width: 100%;
}

/*******************************************************************************
MATH NOTATION
*******************************************************************************/

.math-block {
	display: block;
	width: 55%;
	text-align: center;
	margin: 1em 0;
	padding: 0.5em 0;
	font-size: 1.4em;
	line-height: 1.2;
	white-space: nowrap;
	overflow-x: auto;
	overflow-y: hidden;
}

figure > .math-block {
	width: 100%;
	margin: 0 auto;
	max-width: 100%;
}

.fullwidth > .math-block {
	width: 100%;
	margin: 1em auto;
	max-width: 100%;
}

.math-inline {
	display: inline-block;
	vertical-align: baseline;
	margin: 0 0.1em;
	text-indent: 0;
}

.math-inline.is-copyable,
.math-block.is-copyable {
	position: relative;
	cursor: pointer;
}

.math-inline.is-copyable:focus-visible,
.math-block.is-copyable:focus-visible {
	outline: 1px solid currentColor;
	outline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.math-inline.is-copyable::after,
.math-block.is-copyable::after {
	content: "Copy MathML";
	position: absolute;
	z-index: 1;
	padding: 0.15em 0.45em;
	color: var(--theme-copy-btn-text, #666);
	background: var(--theme-copy-btn-bg, #fff);
	border: 1px solid var(--theme-copy-btn-border, #ccc);
	border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
	font-size: 0.75rem;
	font-style: normal;
	line-height: 1.4;
	white-space: nowrap;
	pointer-events: none;
	opacity: 0;
	transition:
		opacity 120ms ease,
		transform 120ms ease;
}

.math-inline.is-copyable::after {
	left: 50%;
	bottom: 100%;
	transform: translate(-50%, 0.2em);
}

.math-block.is-copyable::after {
	top: 0.35em;
	right: 0.35em;
	transform: translateY(-0.2em);
}

.math-inline.is-copyable:hover::after,
.math-inline.is-copyable:focus-visible::after {
	opacity: 1;
	transform: translate(-50%, -0.15em);
}

.math-block.is-copyable:hover::after,
.math-block.is-copyable:focus-visible::after {
	opacity: 1;
	transform: translateY(0);
}

.math-inline.is-copyable.is-copied::after,
.math-block.is-copyable.is-copied::after {
	content: "Copied";
	color: var(--theme-copy-btn-copied-text, #008000);
	border-color: var(--theme-copy-btn-copied-border, #008000);
	background: var(--theme-copy-btn-copied-bg, #e6fffa);
	opacity: 1;
}

.math-inline > math,
.math-block > math {
	color: inherit;
}

.math-inline > svg,
.math-block > svg {
	display: inline-block;
}

.math-block > svg {
	min-width: max-content;
	text-align: center;
}

/*******************************************************************************
TYPOGRAPHY
*******************************************************************************/

hr {
	border: 0;
	border-top: 1px solid var(--theme-table-border, #ccc);
	margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

/* Paragraph alignment and spacing */
p {
	text-align: justify;
	text-justify: inter-ideograph;
}

/* Paragraph and list spacing */
p,
ul,
ol,
dl {
	line-height: 2.2rem;
}

/* Heading styles */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5 {
	font-style: normal;
	font-weight: bold;
	color: #111;
}

h2,
h3,
h4,
h5 {
	line-height: 1.2;
}

h2 {
	font-size: 2.3rem;
	margin-top: 2rem;
	margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

h3 {
	font-size: 2rem;
	margin-top: 1.5rem;
	margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

h4 {
	font-size: 1.75rem;
	margin-top: 1.2rem;
	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

h5 {
	font-size: 1.5rem;
	margin-top: 1rem;
	margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

/* Article metadata shown directly below the title */
.article-byline {
	width: 55%;
	margin: -0.4rem 0 1.6rem;
	color: var(--theme-text, #111);
	font-size: 1.2rem;
	line-height: 1.5;
	opacity: 0.7;
}

.article-byline p {
	width: 100%;
	margin: 0;
	text-align: left;
	line-height: inherit;
}

.article-extra-info {
	margin-top: 0.2rem;
	font-size: 0.85em;
}

/* English/numeric text in headings */
.heading-en {
	font-style: italic;
}

/*******************************************************************************
CODE BLOCKS AND INLINE CODE
*******************************************************************************/

/* Code block container */
pre {
	position: relative;
	background-color: #f7f7f7;
	border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
	border-radius: 5px;
	padding: 1em;
	padding-bottom: 0.5em;
	overflow-x: auto;
	margin-bottom: 1.5em;
	width: 55%;
	margin-left: 0;
	margin-right: 0;
	float: none;
	clear: none;
	box-sizing: border-box;
	left: 0;
}

/* Code within pre */
pre > code {
	width: 95%;
	font-size: 1.2rem;
	line-height: 1.5;
	margin-left: 0%;
	background-color: transparent;
	padding: 0;
	padding-bottom: 0.7em;
	border: none;
}

/* Code blocks with line numbers */
pre.has-line-numbers {
	display: flex;
	align-items: flex-start;
}

.line-numbers-rows {
	display: flex;
	flex-direction: column;
	padding-right: 0.4em;
	margin-right: 0.4em;
	border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
	color: #aaa;
	user-select: none;
	text-align: right;
	min-width: 1.2em;
	font-size: 1.2rem;
	line-height: 1.5;
	font-family: monospace;
}

/* Inline code */
code {
	font-size: 1.2rem;
	background-color: #f7f7f7;
	padding: 0.1em 0.3em;
	border-radius: 3px;
	border: 1px solid #e7e7e7;
}

/* Code blocks in lists and figures */
li pre,
ul pre,
ol pre,
dl pre,
figure pre {
	width: 100%;
}

/* Copy button */
.copy-button {
	position: absolute;
	top: 0.5em;
	right: 0.5em;
	padding: 0.3em 0.6em;
	font-size: 0.8rem;
	color: #666;
	background-color: #fff;
	border: 1px solid #ccc;
	border-radius: 4px;
	cursor: pointer;
	opacity: 0;
	transition:
		opacity 0.2s,
		background-color 0.2s;
}

pre:hover .copy-button {
	opacity: 1;
}

.copy-button:hover {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
	color: #333;
}

.copy-button.copied {
	background-color: #e6fffa;
	color: #008000;
	border-color: #008000;
}

/*******************************************************************************
QUOTE BLOCKS
*******************************************************************************/

/* Native quotes and theorion blocks */
:is(blockquote.quote-block, div[style*="border-inline-start"]) {
	width: 55% !important;
	font-size: 1.4rem;
	line-height: 2.2rem;
	clear: none;
	text-align: left;
	margin: 1.5em 0;
	padding-right: 0;
	box-sizing: border-box;

	& :is(blockquote.quote-block, div[style*="border-inline-start"]) {
		width: 100% !important;
		margin: 0.5em 0;
	}

	& p {
		text-align: inherit;
		font-size: 1.4rem;
		margin: 0.5em 0;
		width: 100%;
	}

	& .footnote-ref,
	& .marginnote,
	& .footnote-ref a {
		color: #111;
	}

	@media (max-width: 760px) {
		width: 100% !important;
	}
}

blockquote.quote-block {
	border-inline-start: 0.25em solid #c8c8c8;
	padding: 0.1em 0 0.1em 1em;
	color: #646464;

	& > .quote-attribution {
		margin-top: 0.5em;
		text-align: right;
	}
}

/* Keep display math consistent with formulas in the main text column. */
:is(blockquote.quote-block, div[style*="border-inline-start"])
	> figure.math-block,
.quote-body > figure.math-block {
	width: 100%;
	max-width: 100%;
	font-size: 1em;
}

/*******************************************************************************
TABLES
*******************************************************************************/

table {
	width: auto;
	margin: 1.5em auto;
	border-collapse: collapse;
	font-size: 1.4rem;
	line-height: 1.2;
}

/* A table cell has its own float context; keep its notes below earlier floats. */
table:has(.marginnote) {
	clear: right;
}

/* Keep narrow tables compact; scroll only when their content is too wide. */
.table-scroll {
	box-sizing: border-box;
	width: fit-content;
	max-width: 100%;
	overflow-x: auto;
	margin: 1.5em auto;
}

.table-scroll > table {
	width: auto;
	max-width: none;
	margin: 0;
}

section > .table-scroll {
	max-width: 55%;
	position: relative;
	left: 27.5%;
	transform: translateX(-50%);
	margin-left: 0;
	margin-right: 0;
}

table th,
table td {
	padding: 0.5em 0.7em;
	border: 1px solid #ccc;
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
}

table th,
table thead td {
	background-color: #f5f5f5;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

table tbody tr:nth-child(even) {
	background-color: #fafafa;
}

table tbody tr:hover {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
	table {
		font-size: 1.2rem;
	}

	/* Reset naked table positioning on mobile */
	section > .table-scroll {
		max-width: 100%;
		left: 0;
		transform: none;
		margin: 1.5em auto;
	}

	figure {
		margin: 1.5em auto;
	}

	table th,
	table td {
		padding: 0.4em 0.6em;
	}

	/* Responsive content layout */
	.math-block {
		width: 100%;
	}

	/* Margin notes render inline on narrow screens */
	.marginnote {
		display: block;
		float: none;
		position: static;
		padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
		width: 100%;
		margin: 0.5rem 0 1.25rem;
		background: var(--theme-pre-bg);
		border: 1px solid var(--theme-pre-border);
		border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
		box-sizing: border-box;
	}

	.marginnote.is-expanded {
		display: block;
	}

	/* Footnote margin notes collapse by default */
	.footnote-ref + .marginnote {
		display: none;
	}

	.footnote-ref + .marginnote.is-expanded {
		display: block;
	}

	/* Margin citations collapse too; tapping the citation expands them */
	.sidenote-cite:not(.is-expanded) {
		display: none;
	}

	/* Limit image size inside expanded margin notes */
	.marginnote img,
	.marginnote svg {
		max-width: 100%;
		max-height: 50vh;
		margin: 0.4rem auto;
		display: block;
	}

	sup.footnote-ref > a.footnote-ref-link {
		display: inline-flex;
		align-items: center;
		justify-content: center;
		font-size: 0.75rem;
		line-height: 1;
		min-width: 1.6em;
		height: 1.6em;
		padding: 0 0.4em;
		margin: 0 0.15em;
		border-radius: 999px;
		border: 1px solid var(--theme-pre-border);
		background: var(--theme-pre-bg);
		color: var(--theme-text);
		appearance: none;
		cursor: pointer;
	}

	sup.footnote-ref > a.footnote-ref-link.is-expanded {
		background: var(--highlight-weak);
	}

	/* Enable hyphenation on narrow screens */
	p {
		hyphens: auto;
	}

	/* Full-width code blocks on mobile */
	pre {
		width: 100%;
	}

	/* Full-width tables and images on mobile */
	section > img,
	section > svg {
		max-width: 100%;
		left: 0;
		transform: none;
		margin-left: auto;
		margin-right: auto;
	}

	.article-byline {
		width: 100%;
	}
}

/*******************************************************************************
NAVBAR AND HEADER/FOOTER
*******************************************************************************/

/* Site header and footer should have consistent styling */
header.site-header,
footer {
	font-size: 1.1rem;
	color: #666;
	line-height: 1.6;
}

header.site-header {
	margin-top: 0.5em;
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	margin-left: 0.35em;
}

footer {
	margin-top: 2em;
	margin-bottom: 1em;
}

.site-nav {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 0.5rem 1em;
	margin-top: 1em;
}

.site-nav-links {
	display: flex;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
	gap: 1em;
}

.site-nav-links > p {
	display: flex;
	gap: inherit;
	margin: 0;
	flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.site-nav-links a:any-link {
	text-decoration: none;
	border-bottom: 0;
	box-shadow: none;
	font-size: 1.5rem;
	padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
	border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
	transition: background-color 120ms ease;
}

.site-nav-links a:hover,
.site-nav-links a:focus-visible {
	background: var(--highlight-weak);
	outline: none;
}

.site-nav-tools {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	gap: 0.25rem;
	flex-shrink: 0;
	margin-left: auto;
	margin-right: 3em;
}

.site-nav-tools .nav-icon {
	display: inline-flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: center;
	width: 2.8rem;
	height: 2.8rem;
	padding: 0;
	background: transparent;
	border: none;
	border-radius: 0.375rem;
	cursor: pointer;
	text-decoration: none;
	box-shadow: none;
	transition: background-color 0.15s ease;
	color: var(--theme-icon);
}

.site-nav-tools .nav-icon:hover {
	background: var(--highlight-weak, rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.2));
}

.site-nav-tools .nav-icon:focus-visible {
	outline: 2px solid var(--highlight-strong, rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.4));
	outline-offset: 2px;
}

.nav-icon::before {
	content: "";
	width: 1.8rem;
	height: 1.8rem;
	background-color: currentColor;
	mask: var(--nav-icon) center / contain no-repeat;
}

.rss-link {
	--nav-icon: url("/assets/icons/rss.svg");
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
	.site-nav-tools {
		margin-right: 0;
	}
}

@media (forced-colors: active) {
	.nav-icon::before {
		/* Preserve the mask paint while respecting the system palette. */
		forced-color-adjust: none;
		background-color: CanvasText;
	}

	.site-nav-tools .nav-icon:focus-visible {
		outline-color: Highlight;
	}
}

/*******************************************************************************
FOOTNOTES AND MARGIN NOTES
*******************************************************************************/

/* Fix footnote line-height inconsistency */
sup.footnote-ref {
	line-height: 0;
	position: relative;
	vertical-align: baseline;
	top: -0.5em;
}

.footnote-ref,
.sidenote-footnote {
	--highlight: transparent;
	background-color: var(--highlight);
	box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px var(--highlight);
	border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
	transition:
		background-color 0.3s ease 1s,
		box-shadow 0.3s ease 1s;
}

/* Highlight margin note when footnote reference is hovered */
.footnote-ref:hover + .marginnote {
	--highlight: var(--highlight-weak);
	transition-delay: 0s;
}

/* Highlight footnote reference when margin note is hovered */
.footnote-ref:has(+ .marginnote:hover) {
	--highlight: var(--highlight-strong);
	transition-delay: 0s;
}

.sidenote-anchor {
	font: inherit;
	line-height: inherit;
	pointer-events: none;
}

@media (min-width: 761px) {
	/* Manual notes must not create an otherwise empty line in the text column. */
	.sidenote-anchor {
		display: none;
	}

	p.sidenote-only {
		display: contents;
	}

	sup.marginnote-ref {
		display: none;
	}

	/* Keep fallback note geometry stable when notes are nested in lists or blocks. */
	article > section {
		/* Fractions of the section width; JS reads the column start as well. */
		--sidenote-content-width: 0.55;
		--sidenote-column-start: 0.605;
		--sidenote-column-width: 0.275;
		container-type: inline-size;
	}

	article > section .marginnote {
		inline-size: calc(100cqi * var(--sidenote-column-width));
		margin-inline-end: calc(
			100cqi *
			(
				var(--sidenote-content-width) -
				var(--sidenote-column-start) -
				var(--sidenote-column-width)
			)
		);
	}

	/* A nested float cannot avoid its parent's text. Keep nested notes in
	   normal flow so their height is included in the outer side note. */
	article > section .marginnote .marginnote {
		display: block;
		float: none;
		clear: none;
		position: static;
		inline-size: auto;
		min-inline-size: 0;
		margin: 0.5em 0;
	}
}

/* Fix code size in margin notes (including inside links) */
.marginnote code {
	font-size: inherit;
}

/*******************************************************************************
POST TILES
*******************************************************************************/

.post-tile {
	margin: 0 0 1rem;
}

.post-tile a {
	display: inline-block;
	padding: 0.1em 0.2em;
}

.post-tile a:hover,
.post-tile a:focus-visible {
	background: var(--highlight-weak);
	outline: none;
}

.post-tile h3 {
	margin: 0;
}

.post-tile p {
	margin: 0.25rem 0 0;
}

/*******************************************************************************
BLOG INDEX
*******************************************************************************/

.blog-entry {
	display: flex;
	align-items: center;
	justify-content: space-between;
	gap: 1.5em;
	padding: 1em 0;
	border-bottom: 1px solid var(--theme-table-border, #ccc);
	width: 55%;
}

.blog-entry-content {
	flex: 1;
}

.blog-entry-content a:any-link {
	font-size: 1.5em;
	text-decoration: none;
}

.blog-entry-date {
	flex-shrink: 0;
	color: var(--theme-footer, #777);
	font-size: 1.2em;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
	/* Blog index rows take full width on mobile */
	.blog-entry {
		width: 100%;
	}
}

/*******************************************************************************
TABLE OF CONTENTS
*******************************************************************************/

.toc-sidebar {
	position: fixed;
	display: block;
	top: 50%;
	left: 3.5rem;
	z-index: 1001;
	box-sizing: border-box;
	width: max-content;
	max-width: min(26rem, calc(100vw - 4.5rem));
	max-height: calc(100dvh - 2rem);
	overflow-y: auto;
	padding: 0.85rem 1rem;
	border: 1px solid var(--theme-table-border, #ccc);
	border-radius: 1rem;
	background: var(--theme-bg, #fffff8);
	color: var(--theme-text, #111);
	box-shadow: 0 0.3rem 1rem rgb(0 0 0 / 10%);
	visibility: hidden;
	opacity: 0;
	transform: translate(-0.5rem, -50%);
	transition:
		opacity 160ms ease,
		transform 160ms ease,
		visibility 160ms;
}

.toc-sidebar.is-open {
	visibility: visible;
	opacity: 1;
	transform: translate(0, -50%);
}

.toc-sidebar ol {
	width: auto;
	margin: 0;
	padding: 0;
	list-style: none;
}

.toc-sidebar li {
	margin: 0.15em 0;
}

.toc-sidebar li.toc-h3 {
	padding-left: 1.2rem;
}

.toc-sidebar a:any-link {
	display: block;
	color: var(--theme-copy-btn-text, #666);
	font-size: 1.15rem;
	line-height: 1.3;
	text-decoration: none;
	white-space: normal;
	overflow-wrap: anywhere;
	transition: color 120ms ease;
}

.toc-sidebar a:hover,
.toc-sidebar a:focus-visible,
.toc-sidebar a.is-active {
	color: var(--theme-heading, #111);
	outline: none;
}

.toc-sidebar a.is-active {
	font-weight: bold;
}

.toc-toggle {
	position: fixed;
	top: 50%;
	left: 0.5rem;
	z-index: 1002;
	display: flex;
	max-height: min(24rem, 65vh);
	padding: 0.9rem 0.65rem;
	transform: translateY(-50%);
	flex-direction: column;
	align-items: flex-end;
	gap: 0.72rem;
	overflow-y: auto;
	border: none;
	border-radius: 1rem;
	background: transparent;
	color: var(--theme-copy-btn-text, #666);
	cursor: pointer;
	transition: background-color 120ms ease;
}

.toc-toggle:hover {
	background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
}

.toc-toggle:focus-visible {
	outline: 2px solid var(--theme-copy-btn-text, #666);
	outline-offset: 2px;
}

.toc-toggle-line {
	width: 1.35rem;
	height: 2px;
	flex: 0 0 auto;
	background: currentColor;
	opacity: 0.4;
	transition:
		width 120ms ease,
		background-color 120ms ease;
}

.toc-toggle-line.is-indented {
	width: 0.85rem;
}

.toc-toggle-line.is-active {
	background: var(--theme-heading, #111);
	opacity: 0.8;
}